OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is also referred as workplace health and safety or occupational health. It is a multi disciplined field dealing with the health, safety and welfare of people at work. The purpose of OHS is to maintain a safe and healthy work environment for workers. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines the Occupational Health and Safety...

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HOW TO QUIT SMOKING

When any one is addicted to smoking, it is very difficult for him to quit smoking. By adopting different methods smoking could be avoided. These are as follows:1. Making a Quit PlanIf someone made a quit plan than it is easier for him to quit smoking. A smoking plan makes a person more determined, confident, focused and motivated. According to the own need the plan depends.2....

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GAS AND LECHATE MOVEMENT AND CONTROL IN LANDFILL

GAS MOVEMENTMostly 90 % of gas produced from decomposition of solid waste includes methane and carbon dioxide. The methane in air in the concentration of 5 to 15 % is explosive. In case of high concentration of methane in landfill, there is no oxygen present so there is no danger of explosion. Most of the methane releases into the atmosphere. Both methane and carbon...

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REACTIONS OCCURRING IN COMPLETED LANDFILL

Solid waste in sanitary landfill is undergone by many chemical, biological and physical changes. The most important changes are as follows:Biological decay of organic material either aerobically or anaerobically with the emission of gases and liquidsChemical oxidation of materialsRelease of gases from the landfill and lateral diffusion of gasesMovement of liquids by differential...

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LANDFILLING METHODS AND OPERATIONS

The methods used for landfilling dry areas are classified into area, trench and depression.1) AREA METHODArea method is used when the land is not suitable for the excavation of trench where solid waste is placed. In this method the waste is unloaded and spread in the long narrow strips in layers that vary in depth from 16 to 30 in. Each layer is compacted in...

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SITE SELECTION PARAMETERS FOR A SANITARY LANDFILL SITE

The following considerations are taken while designing a sanitary landfill site:SITE SELECTIONFactors considered while evaluating the potential of solid waste disposal sites are:availability of land areaProcessing and resource recovery impactsHaul distancesoil conditions and topographyclimatic conditionssurface water hydrologygeologic and hydrologic conditionslocal environmental...

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INTRODUCTION AND ADVANTAGES, DISADVANTAGES OF SANITARY LANDFILL SITES

INTRODUCTIONFor the waste that has no use after its collection and after its processing and recovery of conversion products, something must be done. There are two alternatives for the long term handling of solid waste: One is disposal on or in the earths mantle and second is disposal at the bottom of the ocean. Disposal on land is most commonly used method today. Disposal...

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